mithridates vi eupator

After failing in an attempt to poison himself, Mithradates ordered a Gallic mercenary to kill him. ), * Sinope (heute Sinop) um 130 v. Shortly before 300 BCE the family became involved in intrigues at the court of Antigonos and they were forced to flee further east into Paphlagonia, where, accompanied by six knights in a manner surely meant to recall the circumstances in which Darius became king of Persia, Mithridates I Ktistes founded what came to be known as the kingdom of Pontus and the line of Pontic kings (Diod. Rather than face the humiliation of capture, Mithridates, having failed to do away with himself by poison, asked an obliging Celtic bodyguard to run him through with a sword (App., Mith. : Suppl.89 Volume 89 of Mnemosyne, Supplements Series Issue 89 of Mnemosyne, bibliotheca classica Batava: Supplementum Mnemosyne. C. E. Bennett, LCL, London and New York, 1926. Eupator was about 13 years old when his father, Mithridates V Euergetes, was assassinated in 120 BCE. / BAΣIΛEΩΣ MIΘΡAΔATOY EYΠATOΡOΣ, Pegasos grazing left, right leg raised, head lowered. An opportunity for military intervention presented itself when the city of Chersonesos, under intense pressure from its barbarian neighbors, invited Mithridates to become its protector (Strabo, 7.4.3 C309). Many of the ancient sources assume that the king’s ambitions included plans from an early stage for war with Rome. Mithridates VI Eupator (ca. C. Santini, Leipzig, 1979; The Breviarum, tr. ©2021 Encyclopædia Iranica Foundation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 89-123. Marius had met him and had given him a firm warning, temporarily effective: Mithradates had proper respect for Roman power.…, Mithradates (Mithridates) VI Eupator of Pontus (. Given that royal court intrigues were relatively commonplace in the ancient East, his concerns were probably well founded. Time and again the literary sources emphasize the Euxine composition of his armies (e.g., App., Mith. But it cannot be denied that Mithradates was a ruler of astonishing energy and determination, or that he possessed political skill of a high order. Mithridates VI Eupator: Victim or Aggressor? Mithridates expelled them both, murdered his nephew Ariarathes VII, and installed his own eight-year-old son as Ariarathes IX, with Gordios as regent (Justin, Epit. H. Heinen, “Mithradates VI. 15; 69). G. Kleiner, “Bildnis und Gestaltdes Mithridates,” Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts 68, 1953, pp. Mithradates the Great was the sixth—and last—Pontic ruler by that name. 186-214), are witness to firmer Roman action in Asia. This was the end of the war in Greece. At the time of his father’s death, Mithridates VI was in his early teens. 496-522. 112), he first turned his attention to conquest on the northern side of the Black Sea (Justin, Epit. 4.69 Maur.) The immediate impetus for war was probably provided by the Roman annexation of Bithynia: according to Eutropius (6.6) it was in 74 that Nikomedes IV died and bequeathed his kingdom to Rome. 43-46). B. Maurenbrecher, 2 vols., Leipzig, 1891-93; The Histories, tr. Although he failed to be stronger than Rome, his failure was a grand one, and he was long remembered as a symbol of uncompromising defiance. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mithradates-VI-Eupator, Livius - Biography of Mithridates VI Eupator. Mithridates is believed to have been born sometime around 130 BC, and was about 13 years old when his father, Mithridates V Euergetes was assassinated. The message from Rome must have been clear: Mithridates could have been under no illusions that, if at a future date he attempted to use military force in Asia Minor, he would encounter Roman military opposition. Charlotte Perrin, 11 vols., LCL, Cambridge, Mass., and London, 1914-26; “Lucullus,” II, pp. His posing as a liberator of the Greeks from Roman oppression and, later, his encouragement of social revolution in the Greek cities of the province of Asia can only be interpreted, in both cases, as the actions of an opportunist seeking immediate political advantages. H. W. Bird, Liverpool, 1993. Coinage. 467-95. 66, 70); he organized his empire into satrapies (App., Mith. Once in sole control of his kingdom, having murdered his mother and brother (App., Mith. The Mithridatic family background may provide a context for the out-look of Mithridates Eupator. P. McGushin, 2 vols., Oxford, 1992-94. F. de Callataÿ, L’histoire des guerres mithridatiques vue par les monnaies, Louvain-La-Neuve, 1997. Corrections? Hostilities were suspended, but disputes constantly occurred, and in 74 a general war broke out. He made his main objective the capture of Cyzicus on the Propontis, but was outwitted by the superior strategy of Lucullus and forced to withdraw in disorder (App., Mith. Mithradates (meaning “gift of [the god] Mithra”) was a common name among Anatolian rulers of the age. He was well aware that it would suit many at court if he got no older. Tigranes did on this occasion withdraw, but the Senate realized who was behind the operation, and it is hardly surprising to find prominent Romans admitting that another war with Mithridates was looming ahead (Sallust, Hist. Nicomedes and the Roman armies were defeated and flung back to the coasts of the Propontis and the Aegean. Mithridates VI of Pontus Label from public data source Wikidata; Earlier Established Forms Laodicea is said to have been a suspect in her husband’s murder, and, fearing for h… A. 21-22). B. Bosworth and P. V. Wheatley, “The Origins of the Pontic House,” Journal of Hellenic Studies 118, 1998, pp. K. Strobel, “Mithradates VI. This forced a counterclaim, through Gordios, as to the legitimacy of Ariarathes IX (Justin, Epit. Mithridates VI Eupator and His Army. 121-48). C. Habicht, Athens from Alexander to Antony, tr. If this was a hint of future defiance, it was soon followed by clearer recalcitrance: when Tigranes came to the throne of Armenia in the same year, Mithridates married his daughter Kleopatra to him and got him to invade Cappadocia and expel Ariobarzanes (or possibly, prevent him from taking his throne). 464-599; “Sulla,” IV, pp. Mithridates VI Eupator (Mithdrates the Great) is the King of Pontus in northern Anatolia during 120-63 BC. So when, probably in 91, he again sent armies to annex both Bithynia and Cappadocia, no doubt taking advantage of the Social War in Italy, his ambitious aggression and readiness to defy Rome, are revealed. Mithradates defeated Marius Aurelius Cotta, the Roman consul, at Chalcedon, but Lucullus worsted him outside Cyzicus (73) and drove him, in 72, to take refuge in Armenia with his son-in-law Tigranes. Throughout his long reign (120-63 BC), the political and cultural landscape of Asia Minor and the Black Sea area was reshaped along new lines. In 66 Lucullus was superseded by Pompey, who completely defeated both Mithradates and Tigranes. Euergetes was allied to Rome, which he supported during the Third Punic War (149-146). Submitted tags will be reviewed by site administrator before it is posted online.If you enter several tags, separate with commas. Dedications on Delos demonstrate the high regard in which he was held there and at Athens; he competed in equestrian games at Chios and Rhodes; he cultivated Greek learning, and his court, which in most respects was structured on standard Hellenistic lines and in its senior levels was manned largely by Greeks, became a center for philosophers, poets, historians, doctors; his coins depicted a new Alexander; and militarily he had already won great victories for the protection of the Black Sea Greeks. Astonishingly, given their consistent policy of loyalty to Rome for many generations, the Athenians went over willingly to Mithridates’ side: he was mint magistrate at Athens in 87/86 and may well have been Eponymous Archon the year before (Habicht, 1997, pp. E. Olshausen, “Mithridates VI. Plutarch, Lives, tr. When Mithridates finally responded by inflicting a heavy defeat on Murena, the stage was set for another major conflagration in Asia. 285-308. C. Marek, “Karien im ersten mithridatischen Krieg,” in Alte Geschichte und Wissenschaftgeschichte: Festschrift für Karl Christ zum 65. T. Reinach, Mithridates Eupator: König von Pontos, tr. Mithridates was a prince of Persian and Greek ancestry. Updates? Search for more papers by this author. Here in 63 BCE he succumbed to the treachery of his son, Pharnakes, who in negotiating with the Romans was no doubt trying to salvage something from the wreckage of his father’s empire. E. Badian, “Rome, Athens and Mithridates,” American Journal of Ancient History 1, 1976, pp. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. His royal title and full name was Mithridates Philopator Philadelphus. Hellenism made advances in Pontus during his reign, as it had under his predecessors, but this was a natural process. In the spring of 73 Mithridates overran Bithynia and invaded the Roman province of Asia. He was also ruthless and cruel. Mithridates VI Eupator, the last king of Pontos, was undoubtedly one of the most prominent figures in the late Hellenistic period. His support rapidly deserted him, and he found himself besieged in Athens, which fell to Sulla’s forces on 1 March 86. Probably in 76 or 75 he entered negotiations with the Roman rebel in Spain, Sertorius. D. Glew, “Mithridates Eupator and Rome: A Study of the Background of the First Mithridatic War,” Athenaeum 55, 1977, pp. Mithridates VI Eupator Dionysos (m.kreik. He was the son of the queen Laodice VI (died c. 115 BCE) and the king Mithridates V (150-120 BCE). in Pantikapaion) war von ca. He is noted primarily for his opposition to Rome. Mithridates VI was surnamed Eupator and Dionysus to distinguish him from his father, Mithridates V Euergetes, who had been king of Pontus (northern Turkey) between 152/151 and 120. At any rate, with one of his armies suffering a heavy defeat against the Achaian tribes in the northeast corner of the Black Sea, and with Cilicia designated as the province of P. Servilius Vatia, consul for 79, Mithridates was ready to agree to all Sulla’s conditions. He would later claim to be descended from the great kings and conquerors of the past and was well-versed in history. Diademed, youthful head of Mithradates VI right, with slightly unruly hair, short beard and diadem ends fluttering behind him. 1 Overview 1.1 Pontus 1.2 Mithridates VI 1.2.1 Dawn of Man 2 Unique Attributes 3 Strategy 4 Mod Support 4.1 Events and Decisions 4.1.1 4.2 Unique Cultural Influence 5 Full Credits List The Kingdom of Pontus … As the war turned against him, his former leniency toward the Greeks changed to severity; every kind of intimidation was resorted to—deportations, murders, freeing of slaves. At least initially, neither paid any attention to Roman demands for their withdrawal: Nikomedes placed his son on the throne, and Mithridates occupied part of Galatia. He is noted primarily for his opposition to Rome. However, there was more to his success than the absence of a Roman army (although that must have been a powerful incentive for waverers to take his side): he seems to have been welcomed at such places as Kos, Magnesia, Ephesus, and Mytilene; and when he ordered the famous massacre of Romans and Italians in 88, the Greeks of Asia were on the whole obligingly enthusiastic (App., Mith.

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